Crusher roll mechanism



April 24, 1934. PRESTQN CRUSHER ROLL MECHANISM Filed April 29, 1931 4Sheets-Sheet l April 24. 1934. H. E. PRESTON 'CRUSHER ROLL MECHANISMFiled April 29, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 57/8 1231 fi f E es??? 5 or 5April 24, 1934. H. E. PRESTON CRUSHER ROLL MECHANISM Filed A rii 29,1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 yew/7 Patented Apr. 24, 1934 ICRUSHER ROLL MECHANISM Herbert E. Preston, Philadelphia, Pa., assignorto American Engineering Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation ofPennsylvania Application April 29, 1981, Serial No. 533,805

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in crusher roll mechanism of atype adapted for use in the ash pits of mechanical stoker furnaces.

One object of the invention is to provide a novel and generally improvedsystem of actuating the crusher rolls.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel driving mechanismbetter adapted than the corresponding mechanisms of the prior art foractuation of crusher rolls of considerable length.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel crusher rolloperating mechanism permitting a reduction in the size and weight of thecrusher rolls and their shafts.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel operatingmechanism for crusher rolls that shall include provision for protectingthe said mechanism from excessive heat and from the abrasive effects ofthe fuel residue.

The invention further resides in certain novel and advantageousstructural details hereinafter set forth and illustrated in the attacheddrawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view through a typical crusher rollpit as constructed in accordance with my invention; I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional View illustrating details of theroll-operating mechanism, said section being taken on the line -22, Fig.3;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3, Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to that of Fig. 2 andtaken on the line 4-4, Fig. 5, illustrating a modified form of theoperating mechanism; I

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5, Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional View on the line 66, Fig. 7,illustrating the details of a further embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 7 is a section on the line '77, Fig. 6,-and

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary elevational view illustrating a still furthermodification.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, 1 and -2 designate respectively thefront and rear walls of a typical Stoker-furnace crusherpit. Extendingbetween these walls is a series of transverse beams 3 which carrybearings 4 for a pair of crusher rolls 5 and 6 respectively. Suspendedfrom brackets 7 at the inner sides of they walls 1 and 2 are crusherplates 8 and 9 which respectively cooperate with the rolls 5 and 6 inwell known manner to reduce the fuel residue emptied into the pit abovethe rolls. In the present instance, the crusher plates 8 and 9 areadjustable with respect to their respective associated rolls through themedium of shafts 11 and 12 journaled in brackets 13 on the outer sidesof the Walls 1 and 2, each of the shafts having arms 14 which areconnected with the respective crusher plates by connecting rods 15 whichextend through the said walls 1 and 2, adjustment of the plates thusbeing accomplished from the outside of the pit. The crusher rolls 5 and6 are adapted to be intermittently rotated in the directions indicatedby the arrows through pawl and ratchet mechanism hereinafter describedin detail and designated generally in Fig. 1 by the reference numeral16. These pawl and ratchet mechanisms are connected in the presentinstance through rods 17 and 18 to a plunger operated by fluid pressurein a cylinder 19, and the arrangement is such that in one direction ofmovement of the plunger, one only of said crusher rolls is operated,while the return movement of the plunger operates only the other of saidcrusher rolls.

Heretofore it has been the practice in crusher roll construction toutilize a shaft for each roll projecting beyond one or both ends of thecrusher pit, and to actuate the rolls by mechanism associated with theprojecting ends of the shafts. The tendency to construct large furnaceshas made this method of crusher roll drive increas ingly moreimpracticable by reason of the necessity for continually increasing thesize and strength of the shaft in order to enable it to withstand thetorsional strains to which it is subjected. In accordance with thepresent invention, I provide a plurality of roll-actuating mechanismslocated at various points throughout the length of the crusher rolls,these mechanisms either operating jointly to actuate the entire roll orbeing associated with independently rotatable sections of the rollwhereby the torsional strain is distributed with substantial uniformityover the length of the crusher rolls. This system of crusher roll drivenot only affords a superior control of the crusher roll operation butmakes possible the use of a relatively light and inexpensive crusherroll construction and a substantial saving in the power required foroperation. These advantages are obtained without sacrifice of strengthand ruggedness.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, I have therein illustratedthe adjacent ends of adjoining rolls, these rolls being designatedrespectively by the reference numerals 21 and 22. In a preferredembodiment, each of the rolls comprises a hollow cylindrical body member23, in each end of which is secured by means for example of bolts 24 aheader 25, this header having a central cylindrical opening adapted forreception of a shaft 26. The rolls further comprise a plurality of teeth27 projecting from the outer peripheral surface and secured in positionin the present instance through the medium of rods 28 projecting throughand beyond the cylindrical body and to which the teeth are attached bymeans of bolts 29, suitable means being provided, such, for example, asthe pin 31 for retaining the rod 28 in position in the cylindrical body.

Fixed to the shaft 26 immediately adjacent the end of the roll 23 is aratchet wheel 32 having a hub portion 33 upon which is journaled foroscillation a bifurcated yoke or lever 34. This yoke carriesintermediate its bifurcations, and pivotally mounted upon a pin 35supported in the yoke, a pawl 36, the pawl having attached thereto aweight 37 which in the normal operative position of the mechanism asillustrated tends to retain the point of the pawl in operativeengagement with the ratchet 32. It is to the lower depending ends of theyoke 34 that the rods 17 and 18 are attached, as illustrated in Fig. 1.Oscillation of the yoke results in an intermittent rotation of the shaft26 in one direction. Where the two rolls 21 and 22 are actuated by thepawl and ratchet mechanism 32-34, the shaft 26 will be connected bysuitable means to the headers 25 of the two rolls. If, however, thecrusher roll is of sectional design, and the roll 21 forms a part of onesection while the roll 22 constitutes a part of another, the shaft 26may be secured to one of the rolls only, being freely rotatable in theheader 25 of the other. In such event the latter roll will receive itsmotion from a diiferent ratchet. As illustrated, a bearing 38 isprovided for the shaft 26 intermediate the said rolls.

It is sometimes desirable to protect the ratchet mechanism in theinterior of the ash pit from the abrading effects of the ash, and adevice of this character is illustrated in Figs; 4 and 5. In thisinstance, the adjacent rolls 41 and 42 are associated in the mannerpreviously described with a shaft 43, this shaft being supported inbearings 44, 44, located immediately adjacent the ends of the respectiverolls. Intermediate the bearings 44, the shaft carries a ratchet wheel45, and upon the hub portion 46 of this wheel is journaled a bifurcatedyoke 47 which carries a pawl 48 in operative association with theratchet wheel. The pawl is pivotally mounted upon a pin 49 extendingtransversely between the arms of the yoke 4'7, and a weight 51 isprovided which normally maintains the pawl in operative contact with theratchet. Mounted upon the yoke 4'? is a cap member 62, this cap havinginwardly projecting flanges 53 which engage the rounded top and upperside portions of the said yoke, and having also outer flanges 54 whichextend downwardly and around the shaft 43 to eifectively enclose theends of the cap and to form a highly effective shield preventing passageof ashes to the ratchet mechanism. Bolts 55 maintain the cap 52 inposition upon the yoke. The ratchet mechanism is thus not only protectedagainst the abrasive effects of the ash within the ash pit but also isprotected against deteriorating heat effects.

'It will be apparent that the cap 52 oscillates with the yoke. In orderto prevent accuinulations of ash above the cap, the latter is providedwith teeth 56 which project from the'upper portion of the cap, as shownin Fig. 5, and which are secured in position through the medium of bars57 secured by bolts 58 in the cap and projecting through openings in thelatter beyond the peripheral face, the teeth being secured to theprojecting ends of the bars by bolts (not shown), and after the mannerpreviously described.

Figs. 6 and '7 illustrate a further embodiment of my invention in whichthe ratchet 61 is secured directly in the end of the cylindrical crusherroll body 62. This ratchet is of the internal type and is actuatedthrough the medium of a pawl 63 pivotally mounted upon a pin 64extending between the flanges 65 and 66 of a pawl lever 67 journaled onthe roll shaft 68. The upper portion of the lever 67 constitutes ineffect an end closure for the hollow cylindrical crusher roll 62 tendingto prevent passage of ash to the ratchet mechanism and also protectingthe mechanism from the high temperatures of the ash pit. The lever 67extends downwardly at 69 to provide means for attaching theretomechanism for oscillating the lever to rotate the roll.

Fig. 8 shows another means for protecting the roll-actuating mechanism.In this instance an outwardly tapered casing 71 is provided supported onthe bearing '72, the casing deflecting the ashes to the rolls on bothsides and protecting the ratchet gear '73.

There may be other modifications without departure from the invention.

I claim:

1. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like comprising alignedcylindrical sections, an intermediate shaft, bearings for said shaft, aratchet wheel carried by said shaft, a yoke member adapted foroscillation with respect tosaid ratchet Wheel, a pawl carried by saidyoke member and cooperative with said ratchet wheel, a cap membercarried by said yoke member and overlying and protecting the ratchetmechanism, and teeth secured to and projecting from the surface of saidcap member. I

2. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like comprising a hollowcylindrical body member, a supporting shaft for said member, an internalratchet wheel secured in the end of said body member, a lever mountedfor oscillation on said shaft, and a pawl carried by the lever forcooperation with said ratchet wheel, said lever having a flangepositioned closely adjacent the extremity of the cylindrical body memberand constituting in effect a closure for the latter.

3. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like, comprising aligned hollowcylindrical sections, 2 an intermediate shaft secured toand extendingbetween the adjoining ends of said sections, bearings for said shaft, aratchet wheel carried by said shaft, a yoke'm'ember loosely mounted onsaid shaft, a pawl carried by said yoke member and cooperating with saidratchet wheel, whereby oscillation of said yoke member causes rotationof said roll, and a cap member carried by said yoke member and overlyingand protecting the ratchet mechanism from the ash content of the pit.

4. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like, comprising aligned hollowcylindrical body members, a plurality'of short axially aligned shaftssecured to and extending between the adjoining 135 ends of saidsections, bearings for said shafts,

a plurality of roll actuating mechanisms distributed over the length ofsaid roll, at least one of said mechanisms being disposed intermediatethe ends of the roll and comprising an internal 140 ratchet wheelsecured in the end of one of said body members, a lever mounted foroscillation on the associated shaft, and a pawl carried by the lever forcooperation with said ratchet wheel whereby oscillation of said levercauses rotation 145 of said crusher roll.

HERBERT E. PRESTON.

